{"id":28727,"date":"2017-01-02T14:01:28","date_gmt":"2017-01-02T12:01:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.uhk.cz\/archeologie\/?p=28727"},"modified":"2023-02-14T13:48:06","modified_gmt":"2023-02-14T11:48:06","slug":"rocnik-19-2017","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uni.uhk.cz\/archeologie\/?p=28727","title":{"rendered":"Ro\u010dn\u00edk 19 (2017)"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00e9ma: Archeologie moci<\/h3>\n

Moc je jedna ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch spole\u010densk\u00fdch veli\u010din a jako takov\u00e1 se p\u0159irozen\u011b st\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159edm\u011btem z\u00e1jmu archeologie. Robert A. Dahl charakterizuje moc ve zn\u00e1m\u00e9 lapid\u00e1rn\u00ed definici: \u201eA m\u00e1 moc nad B do t\u00e9 m\u00edry, do jak\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159im\u011bt B ud\u011blat n\u011bco, co by B jinak neud\u011blalo.\u201c A m\u016f\u017ee B bu\u010f donutit, aby ud\u011blalo n\u011bco, co by B o sv\u00e9 v\u016fli ned\u011blalo, nebo A m\u016f\u017ee ovliv\u0148ovat p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed a preference B, aby se B v d\u016fsledku chovalo v souladu se z\u00e1m\u011bry A. Moc\u00ed tak\u00e9 ozna\u010dujeme schopnost B odol\u00e1vat tlaku, kter\u00e9 na n\u011bj A vyv\u00edj\u00ed. Pro donucov\u00e1n\u00ed a ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed disponuje A paletou prost\u0159edk\u016f, od fyzick\u00e9ho n\u00e1sil\u00ed p\u0159es ekonomick\u00fd tlak po prost\u0159edky symbolick\u00e9. \u0158ada z nich m\u00e1 odraz v hmotn\u00e9 kultu\u0159e, co\u017e d\u00e1v\u00e1 archeologii mo\u017enost studovat jevy souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s moc\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00edmi prameny studia moci jsou otisky ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, ve kter\u00fdch byla moc uplatn\u011bna, a struktur, v nich\u017e se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed moc ve sv\u00e9 institucionalizovan\u00e9 podob\u011b. V tomto \u010d\u00edsle \u010dasopisu se zam\u011b\u0159ujeme na archeologick\u00e9 projevy ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, struktur a symbol\u016f zrcadl\u00edc\u00edch uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed moci. V\u00edt\u00e1ny jsou p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, kter\u00e9 se jak\u00fdmkoli zp\u016fsobem vztahuj\u00ed k tomuto t\u00e9matu.<\/p>\n

Kost\u011bn\u00e9 harpuny z lokality Kunda-Lammasm\u00e4gi (Petr \u010cech\u00e1k, Kate\u0159ina Suchop\u00e1rov\u00e1)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

Sb\u00edrky tallinnsk\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho muzea obsahuj\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9 i \u010d\u00e1st bohat\u00e9ho souboru kost\u011bn\u00fdch harpun poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z eponymn\u00ed mezolitick\u00e9 lokality Kunda\u2011Lammasm\u00e4gi. Tato dosud nepublikovan\u00e1 kolekce byla autory t\u00e9to studie zdokumentov\u00e1na a prozat\u00edm p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u011b zhodnocena, a to zejm\u00e9na s p\u0159ihl\u00e9dnut\u00edm k ostatn\u00edm obdobn\u00fdm n\u00e1lez\u016fm stejn\u00e9ho typu na t\u00e9to lokalit\u011b i v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm kontextu Pobalt\u00ed. P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky anal\u00fdzy a tak\u00e9 letm\u00fd \u00favod a sezn\u00e1men\u00ed s problematikou mezolitu v Pobalt\u00ed stru\u010dn\u011b p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed text.<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Otroci: Neviditeln\u00ed lid\u00e9 minulosti? (V\u00e1clav Hrn\u010d\u00ed\u0159)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

Otroci a otrokyn\u011b tvo\u0159ili ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st mnoha spole\u010dnost\u00ed evropsk\u00e9ho prav\u011bku, starov\u011bku a st\u0159edov\u011bku. D\u00edky sv\u00e9mu n\u00edzk\u00e9mu postaven\u00ed byli v\u0161ak \u010dasto p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eeni, a to nejen sv\u00fdmi sou\u010dasn\u00edky, ale i archeology. Hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou tohoto stavu je jejich \u0161patn\u00e1 \u010di t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 viditelnost v archeologick\u00e9m z\u00e1znamu. Jak\u00e9 jsou mo\u017enosti v\u00fdzkumu prehistorick\u00e9ho otroctv\u00ed? A pro\u010d m\u00e1 v\u016fbec smysl tuto extr\u00e9mn\u00ed formu moci jedn\u00e9 osoby nad druhou zkoumat?<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Mo\u017enosti identifikace elit doby bronzov\u00e9 v ji\u017en\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch na p\u0159\u00edkladu v\u00fd\u0161inn\u00fdch lokalit (Ond\u0159ej Chvojka, Petr Men\u0161\u00edk)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

Elita p\u0159edstavuje ur\u010ditou skupinu lid\u00ed v komunit\u011b, kter\u00e1 je vy\u010dlen\u011bna od ostatn\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f spole\u010dnosti, nad nimi\u017e je zpravidla n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem nad\u0159azena. V archeologick\u00fdch pramenech obvykle b\u00fdv\u00e1 tato spole\u010densk\u00e1 skupina lid\u00ed snadno identifikov\u00e1na, ov\u0161em v\u011bt\u0161inou bez pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9 kritiky. Probl\u00e9mem rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00fdch elit z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm krit\u00e9ria, podle kter\u00fdch lze tyto skupiny lid\u00ed vy\u010dlenit. To, co se na z\u00e1klad\u011b sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho pohledu m\u016f\u017ee jevit jako doklad skupiny vy\u010dle\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed se od okoln\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, mohlo hr\u00e1t v minulosti zcela jinou \u00falohu. V tomto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku se na p\u0159\u00edkladu v\u00fd\u0161inn\u00fdch lokalit doby bronzov\u00e9 z jiho\u010desk\u00e9ho regionu zam\u00fd\u0161l\u00edme, zda je mo\u017en\u00e9 spole\u010densk\u00e9 elity na z\u00e1klad\u011b sou\u010dasn\u00fdch poznatk\u016f v\u016fbec identifikovat.<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>

A Sumerian and an Elamite Fragment of Cuneiform Royal Inscriptions (Lud\u011bk Vac\u00edn)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

This contribution offers an edition of two fragments of royal building inscriptions in cuneiform script which are currently in possession of individuals from the region of Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 in Czechia. Fragment No.1 comes from late 3rd millennium BC southern Iraq and preserves part of an inscription in Sumerian, fragment No.2 stems from late 2nd millennium BC south-western Iran and bears part of a text in the Elamite language.<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Mocn\u00ed a jejich hry: hrac\u00ed kostky v ruk\u00e1ch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f elit doby \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 (Radka Kn\u00e1pek, Ond\u0159ej \u0160edo)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

Spole\u010densk\u00e9 hry m\u011bly v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 m\u00edsto v \u017eivot\u011b prav\u011bk\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed. Krom\u011b relaxa\u010dn\u00ed funkce plnily \u00falohu soci\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace a m\u011bly zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed m\u00edsto v okruhu \u010dinnost\u00ed zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch \u201ekontakty\u201c jednotlivc\u016f i cel\u00fdch komunit s mimoterestrick\u00fdmi silami. V \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b n\u00e1le\u017eely ty, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly charakter her hazardn\u00edch, k z\u00e1konem zakazovan\u00fdm \u010dinnostem, co\u017e ale samoz\u0159ejm\u011b neoslabilo jejich oblibu. V barbariku p\u0159edstavovaly propriety her, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm astragaly, r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy kostek, hrac\u00ed kameny a hrac\u00ed desky, jeden z prost\u0159edk\u016f deklarace spole\u010densk\u00e9ho statusu dobov\u00e9 nobility a st\u00e1valy se sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed hrobov\u00e9 v\u00fdbavy.<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Archeologick\u00e1 stopa (vel)moci na nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed (Bal\u00e1zs Komor\u00f3czy, Marek Vlach)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

Jen ojedin\u011ble se v archeologii poda\u0159\u00ed tak p\u0159esn\u011b vymezit hranice mezi dv\u011bma kulturn\u00edmi okruhy, jak je tomu v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b hrani\u010dn\u00ed linie mezi \u0158\u00edmskou \u0159\u00ed\u0161\u00ed a germ\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi kmeny ve st\u0159edn\u00edm Podunaj\u00ed. Zjevn\u00e1 nerovnost mezi nimi, v ekonomick\u00e9 a vojensk\u00e9 s\u00edle i politick\u00e9 stabilit\u011b, v sob\u011b nesla obrovsk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l interakc\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b konflikt\u016f a v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch st\u0159et\u016f. Z historick\u00fdch d\u011bl o velmocensk\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstupu \u0158\u00edma v\u016f\u010di kmen\u016fm pod\u00e9l jeho hranic v\u00edme, a \u0159adu cenn\u00fdch informac\u00ed o jeho projevech lze rozpoznat i mezi archeologick\u00fdmi prameny. Zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 to pak plat\u00ed o obdob\u00ed markomansk\u00fdch v\u00e1lek, kdy \u0158\u00edm svou moc a p\u0159evahu uplatnil nejz\u0159eteln\u011bji. Archeologick\u00fd z\u00e1znam jeho postupu v\u016f\u010di Markoman\u016fm na Morav\u011b, v Doln\u00edm Rakousku a na z\u00e1padn\u00edm Slovensku, dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 silov\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, za n\u00edm\u017e se r\u00fdsuje promy\u0161len\u00e1 strategie podpo\u0159en\u00e1 po\u010detnou a technicky vysp\u011blou arm\u00e1dou.<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Krajina k boji odsouzen\u00e1: Poln\u00ed t\u00e1bor prusk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le Fridricha II. ze srpna 1778 pohledem archeologie (Pavel Drnovsk\u00fd, Petr Hejhal)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

\u010cl\u00e1nek se v\u011bnuje v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm ud\u00e1lostem, kter\u00e9 se odehr\u00e1ly b\u011bhem 18. stolet\u00ed na Trutnovsku v severov\u00fdchodn\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch. Prvn\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje bitva mezi rakousk\u00fdmi a prusk\u00fdmi vojsky sveden\u00e1 v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edm okol\u00ed obce St\u0159\u00edte\u017e 30. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1745. Druh\u00e1 pak souvis\u00ed s n\u011bkolikadenn\u00edm ut\u00e1bo\u0159en\u00edm prusk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy veden\u00e9 kr\u00e1lem Fridrichem II. v srpnu 1778. Za pomoci archivn\u00edch pramen\u016f a ter\u00e9nn\u00ed prospekce se auto\u0159i pokou\u0161\u00ed nal\u00e9zt mo\u017en\u00e9 poz\u016fstatky po mlad\u0161\u00ed z t\u011bchto ud\u00e1lost\u00ed. V obecn\u00e9 rovin\u011b je \u0159e\u0161ena problematika mo\u017en\u00e9ho archeologick\u00e9ho zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto typu lokalit.<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Otrok, kter\u00fd se stal kr\u00e1lem (Petr Kv\u011btina)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

C\u00edlem \u010dl\u00e1nku je pouk\u00e1zat na mo\u017enost \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 manipulace se soci\u00e1ln\u00ed identitou prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm materi\u00e1ln\u00ed kultury, a to ze strany spole\u010densky i\u00a0politicky mocn\u00e9 vrstvy. Na p\u0159\u00edkladu historie Haiti z p\u0159elomu 18. a 19. stolet\u00ed je uk\u00e1z\u00e1no, jak se m\u00edstn\u00ed domorod\u00fd vl\u00e1dce\u00a0Henri Christophe, kter\u00fd byl p\u016fvodn\u011b otrokem, nejprve chopil moci a n\u00e1sledn\u011b usiloval o z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed respektu ze strany evropsk\u00fdch a americk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Toho doufal dos\u00e1hnout d\u016fsledn\u00fdm napodobov\u00e1n\u00edm materi\u00e1ln\u00edch i duchovn\u00edch vzor\u016f kultury kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161lechty. I kdy\u017e se mu dan\u00e9ho c\u00edle dos\u00e1hnout nepoda\u0159ilo, doba jeho vl\u00e1dy dodnes na Haiti zanechala hmotn\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 bychom si bez znalosti etnohistorick\u00e9ho kontextu spojovali s Evropany.<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Identifikace padl\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f prusk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty v archeologicky zkouman\u00fdch hrobech z v\u00e1lky roku 1866 u \u010cesk\u00e9 Skalice a Hradce Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 (Matou\u0161 Holas)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

Identifikace poh\u0159ben\u00fdch v archeologicky zkouman\u00fdch v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch hrobech z roku 1866 vych\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z postupn\u00e9ho porovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nalezen\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed dochovan\u00e9 v\u00fdstroje a jejich ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed dle historick\u00fdch pramen\u016f nebo muzejn\u00edch expon\u00e1t\u016f. Ve dvou hromadn\u00fdch hrobech na boji\u0161ti u \u010cesk\u00e9 Skalice bylo tak potvrzeno ulo\u017een\u00ed celkem dvan\u00e1cti p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f \u0159adov\u00fdch p\u011b\u0161\u00edch pluk\u016f prusk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, kte\u0159\u00ed zde padli dne 28. \u010dervna roku 1866. Po revizi ter\u00e9nn\u00ed dokumentace a souborn\u00fdch v\u00fdbav artefakt\u016f, dnes ulo\u017een\u00fdch v Region\u00e1ln\u00edm muzeu v N\u00e1chod\u011b, je mo\u017en\u00e9 ur\u010dit i bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed toto\u017enost poh\u0159ben\u00fdch a pohl\u00e9dnout tak na historick\u00e9 prameny nov\u00fdm, kriti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pohledem, zalo\u017een\u00fdm na nejv\u011brohodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch archeologick\u00fdch pramenech.<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>

Zpr\u00e1vy<\/h3>\n<\/div>

Semin\u00e1\u0159 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 archeologie INNOVARCH, Kr\u00e9ta 8.\u201312. kv\u011btna 2017 (Luk\u00e1\u0161 Jane\u010dek)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

V term\u00ednu 8.\u201312. kv\u011btna 2017 se na Kr\u00e9t\u011b v \u0158ecku uskute\u010dnil intenzivn\u00ed semin\u00e1\u0159 na t\u00e9ma ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 archeologie, kter\u00fd byl organizov\u00e1n Kr\u00e9tskou\u00a0univerzitou v r\u00e1mci projektu INNOVARCH (Innovating Training Aims and Procedures for Public Archaeology).<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Druh\u00fd ro\u010dn\u00edk studentsk\u00e9 archeologick\u00e9 konference je \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b za n\u00e1mi! (Dominika Schmidtov\u00e1, Miroslav Pleska, Jan Podhorsk\u00fd, Petr \u010cech\u00e1k)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

V sobotu 24. \u010dervna 2017 prob\u011bhla v prostor\u00e1ch univerzity Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 studentsk\u00e1 konference s n\u00e1zvem\u00a0Archeologie moci<\/em>. Nav\u00e1zala tak na akci p\u0159edchoz\u00edho roku, kterou uspo\u0159\u00e1dali studenti Univerzity Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 s c\u00edlem umo\u017enit mlad\u00fdm badatel\u016fm prezentovat sv\u00e9 projekty, pr\u00e1ce a n\u00e1pady. Aby bylo mo\u017eno konferenci zrealizovat, byl znovu pod\u00e1n projekt do grantov\u00e9ho programu UHK \u2013 \u00a0Specifick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum 2017. Z\u00edskan\u00e9 prost\u0159edky umo\u017enily konferenci zp\u0159\u00edstupnit v\u0161em bez dal\u0161\u00edch poplatk\u016f.<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>

Recenze<\/h3>\n<\/div>

Em\u00edlia P\u00e1sztor: Light in the circle. The role of natural light in the life of late prehistoric man (\u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n Kravciv)<\/i><\/span><\/h4><\/a><\/div>

Tato publikace byla vyd\u00e1na p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed stejnojmenn\u00e9 v\u00fdstavy Balatonsk\u00e9ho muzea v ma\u010farsk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b Keszthely, kter\u00e1 vznikla d\u00edky mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci badatel\u016f ze st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy.<\/p>\nPDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00e9ma: Archeologie moci Moc je jedna ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch spole\u010densk\u00fdch veli\u010din a jako takov\u00e1 se p\u0159irozen\u011b st\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159edm\u011btem z\u00e1jmu archeologie. Robert A. Dahl charakterizuje moc ve zn\u00e1m\u00e9 lapid\u00e1rn\u00ed definici: \u201eA m\u00e1 moc nad B do t\u00e9 m\u00edry, do jak\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159im\u011bt B ud\u011blat n\u011bco, co by B jinak neud\u011blalo.\u201c A m\u016f\u017ee B bu\u010f donutit, aby ud\u011blalo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":28729,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[229],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28727","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ziva-archeologie","post_format-post-format-image"],"yoast_head":"\nRo\u010dn\u00edk 19 (2017) - Katedra archeologie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uni.uhk.cz\/archeologie\/?p=28727\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ro\u010dn\u00edk 19 (2017) - Katedra archeologie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"T\u00e9ma: Archeologie moci Moc je jedna ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch spole\u010densk\u00fdch veli\u010din a jako takov\u00e1 se p\u0159irozen\u011b st\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159edm\u011btem z\u00e1jmu archeologie. Robert A. 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